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May 24 1927. w. w. HAwKlNs IGNITION MAGNETQ Filed March 1l, l922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 24, 1927.

W. ,W. HAWKINS IGNITION MAGNETO Filed March 1l. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 24, 1927.

W. W. HAWKINS IGNITION MAGNETO Filed March 11. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 24, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HAWKIN S, OF BROOKLYN,'NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO WEBSTER ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

IGNITION MAGNETO.

Application filed March 11, 1922. Serial No. 542,928.

My invention relates to a magneto adapted for ignition purposes, and contemplates the provision of an ignition magneto which embodies certain novel features of construction and functions in accordance with a novel plan or principle of operation which I sha1 hereinafter discuss in detail.

Since the general natureof my invention, as well as the details of my preferred embodiment thereof, will best be understood from a description read in connection with illustrative drawings, I shall proceed at once to a description of the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of my 'improved magneto.

Figure`2 is an end View of the magneto with one of the magneto end plates and the adjacent coil housing removed;

'Figure 3 is a View similar to Figure 2, but illustrating'the coil housing in position;

Figure 4e isan isolated elevational-.view of the inner side of one of the magneto end plates;

'Figure 5l is an edge View of said' end plate; 1- v- Figure 6 is an isola-ted end view in elevation;`of the structure injwhi'ch the magnet pole pieces are mounted u `Figure 7 is aside elevational view ofthe structure shown' in Figure' 6;

Figure'S: is an isolated elevationalview of one` ofthe laminated' structures which are'carriedfiviththe coil housings; Y

Figure `9 is an ed e View of the laminated structureillustrate in Figure 8; Y

Figurev 10 is an end view of one of the coil ousings; z i j V Figure 11' i's a side elevation of one ot the coil housings; y

Figure 12 is an isolated side elevational view of t-he magneto rotor the rotor bearings being illustrated inv section;

Figure 13 is an isolated end view of the rotor; l 1 Figure 14 is a. side view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of the interrupter housing, the interrupter being removed;

F igurevl is anl end view of the interru ter housing with its cap removed; and

igure 16 is a circuit diagram.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout-theseveral views.

Referring now to Figure 1, at 20`20 I have illustrated a pair of superposed maglengagement with the extremities of the magnets, and is provided at its ends with arcuate shoulders -25 and 26-26. The purpose of the shoulders 25-25 and 26-26 will presently appear. The frame 22 is further provided witha cylindrical bore 27, the wall of which is flush with the concave faces of pole pieces 21-21.

Located adjacent the ends Aof the frame 22 are the coil housings 28-28 which are formed of non-magnetic material. `Each coil houslng 1s provided with a. bore 29 and an enlarged cireularspace 3() for the reception of one of the two generating windings 31-3L y (See Figures lOand 11 for thel details ofthe coil-housing.) `Each coil housing is furthermore provided on that edge thereof next adjacentgtlie frame 22 with r`annular ra-bbets 32, these rabbets beingr adapted to fit snugly around the shoulders 25and 26 of frame 22 to prevent lateral displacement of the coil housing with respect to frame 22.

' Carriedby each coil housing 28, and preferably held in vposition by having the material of the coil housing molded or cast therearound, is a Stationary corestrlicture leor 33 which consists of magnetic laminas. (For details see Figures 8 and 9.) `Each laminated core structure leg is provided with a circular bore 34, the wallsA of bores 34 being in registry with the coil housing bores29. Each core structure leg also comprises an upwardly extending portion 35 whereon rests one end of a laminated soft iron corc 36, the ends of the core 36 being preferably screwed 'tightly to the upwardly extending portions 35 of the core struc-ture legs. Core. 36 carries a primary coil -37 and a secondary or high tension coil 38, the primary 37 being similar to the coils 31-31 in that it is formed of compara-tively heavy wire, the secondary 38 comprising a relatively large number of turns of comparatively tine wire.

Referring again to the coil housings 28-28 (Figures 10 and 11), it will be noted that each of these housings is provided with an annular groove 39 in its outer end sur.-

faceJ these grooves bein-g concentric with bores 29 and being adapted to receive annular flanges 41-41 which are 'formed upon the 'inner faces of the magneto end plates 42 and 43. Bolts v#ill-i4 tend firmly to clamp frame 22, coil housinplr l8 a n d the end plates 42 and 43 together.

The details of end .plates are clearly illustrated in Figures'l and The said end plate is provided with abore 43 for the reception ol' one. of the trunnions of the hereinafter mentioned rotor, said bore heing enlarved :it its in ner end tor the reception o tile outer trace of one of thehall .hearings 1G-Alti.' It will he -noted that bore l5 is formed in the outwardly projecting boss 47, the outer cylindrical .surface of which is concentric with bore 45. The boss 47 receives the interrupter housing indi- .cated at 4S. End plate 42 is provided with a h ore 4 9 intowhiclris threaded an insulating l bushing through which the insulated Vterminal ,of the secondary .coil138 extends.

End plate t3 is generally similar to plate 4 2... Such dilerenccs as .exists between the end plates will b e readily apparent from an inspectionoi Figure l.

Mounted for rotation .inthe ball bearings it-46 are the trnnnions 50 and 5l of a rotor which also comprises a substantial-ly cylindrical element 52 .of non fmagnetie material. The trnnnions'are referablythreaded and pinnedl in. .thel ents of elements 52, as illustratedin Figure Formed in element are thel diametiic'algly opposite longitudinal slots .which .extend from opposite ends-of -themember-52. Disposed in and fixed in' each ofthse slots is all inductor Each inductor comprises a plurality. of soft ironxlaminfandris provided with a convex snrface.,54 whicl i is concentric nith the 4rotor axis; Referring now to Figure 1, itwillbe seen that each inductor.54 ',atalltiines lies closely to the wall of.- the lbore .34; of .one of the ,coi-ej structure legs indnctor also extends through. Aand is in indnctix-'e relation to,.one of thecoils Each induetorisfalso adapted ,to sweep .past the nragnetV pole pieces21-2l vas the rotor opert this time lrall attention to the fact that a plate :35. .end plates 4:2 and 43, the frame andthe coil housings S28-T28 constitutefa eoinplcte-housing for the magnets and the primary and secondary coils 37 and 38. Plate is preferably screwed to the end plates as shown.

Referring again to the interruptor housingtflS (for details see Figures la' and l5), it will be'noted that said housingt is adjujstably mountednpon the boss 41 of end plate 42, and isprovided with a cap 56 which is preferably screwed upon -the housing as shown. The interrupter housing is .as occasion may require.

screw (i l held upon boss 4T by springY 57 which er@ tends downwardly ironiav pin 58, which, in turn, projects from pla-te 12. The interruptor housing .is preferably provided w'ifth a radially projecting handle '.for facilitating the adjustmentof the housing to advance orretard the occurrences of the spark, The interrupter housing comprises an inwardly project-ing annular flange upon which 'is mounted the suitably insulated block 59 which carries the tiied Contact of the interrupterinschanisin. Said .fixed Contact is electricallyv connected with a spring 60 which comprises a portion which bears againstthe head of a Screw Gl extends through, and is insulated from, the central portion of interrupter housing cap 56 (Figure 1)'. Screw 6l -is connected by a suitable outside lead with the insulated side of the primary winding 37. At 62 is indicated the arm ofthe `interrupter which is normally held with' the Contact thereof in engagement with the tigt-ed contact.; Tire .usual Aspring 'associated with interrupterar'm indicated at -63.` The usual two-point .cam lvserve's'topezithe interruptor,` .contacts twice -.d,t i ri n"l"'ea c l1 revolution of the rotor. .Thej ipterlupter .that indnctorsA ofl- 'll-aifeLleaYingtlie agnet pole necesa-T21.. neemameriten@ contacts open. being determinedfbythe justm'ent of the interrupter' h'onsi'ng .Referring noa. @the @mit .diagramfit will be seen that ne endl of the primary wish, tof point` out, liorveyer., that windings gld@ tended fhroigh the wegnemen-dgp #9.142,

illnSt-ratedjinFigurel. l hve i 1ot.{io vided the inagne'to liereir'i shown `zivil; distribntor, l)p t inany'ease 4vrher'e niyfjgnvntion" fultiliz'ed. in c o'xrnectifon with a nniltiple cylinder engine, theinsnlted secondary terminal Will connected with fa distributor flyer in a well known'nianner. `A `c'0n, denser 65 is connected across the int-errnpter contacts. .I find it eonyenient to inoilnttlfe condenser in areess 6( in tlie upper part of .traine -2t), las illustrated ,in Figure' 1 -I will now .describe 'tliepperftion o fthc magneto. ltwill L e understoodfthat the inductois 54-f54,' core structure.'A legs and Athe .core BGJcQnStitutejloW reluctance path for flrf .'.l`le deCtiO. @fille Him 'traaersngfthisPath .is refereed @20h .tim the relation of inductors 54454 tothe magthe . chinel for carrying net pole pieces 21,-21. is changed there being t'wo reversals of flux through the lnductor, core structure legs and the'core durmg each Arevolution'ofthe rotor. The interrupter'contactssparate twice during each revolution'of'the rotor, each separation of the contacts preferably occurring at approximately'thefinstant that the trailing edges oi the "inductors'are leaving thei'pole pieces. Novv'letnus s'silme'that the Irotor is in operation fnd' thatthe inductors are about to leave the `pole pieces. "A current isgenerated in windings 31+31and another current is. generated in primary 37, but prior to the separation' of the interrupter contacts, those currents do not interfere. since'coils 31.-31 areconnectedin parallel with windingr 3T to ground', thetivo currents, dueto the circuit, connections, flowing in different directions through' ground.' Assoon as the contacts open,however, the only path of the current generated in windings 31-31 ncludes winding 37, and, similarlyr the only path for the current' generated in winding 37 includes the windings 31-31. The two currents buck, soto speak, and the most turbulent condition must exist in winding 37 for the fraction of a second, at least. This turbulent condition is augmented by the discharge' of the condenser. Naturally themagetic fieldthreading th secondary .38 changes-rapidly when the aforesaid turbulent Aelectrical conditionexists in the primary, exceptionally effective high The j-Qbperationfabove described occurs tivi'ce eaclif'revolution of the rotor shown and ten s1on"igl'iitionl currentl is induced in the avingthusfexplained'awhat I believe to be:l a novetplan orV principle of high' tension magnetooperation, and having illustratedanddiseloscd a preferred type of mathis plan or principle intoetfcct; I? do` not limit-myself to the specific constructionv and-arrangement of arts hereinshownA and described, but wisi to avail myself of all uivalcnt embodiments of the invention setorth in the appended claims.` lVhat I claim is newand desire to secure by Letters'Patent of the United States, is:

l. In a magneto` a rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coil, a core for said coil having,r extensions in proximity to said rotor, au inductor element on said rotor arranged to complete successive paths from said pole pieces to said core` and a fixed generator coil encircling said rotor between said pole pieces and said core extension.

2. In a magneto, a rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coil, a core for said coil having extensions in proximity to said rotor, inductor elements on said rotor arranged to complete successive 'paths from said :pole pieces to said extensions respectively', and generator coils encircling said rotor between said: pole pieces and said extensions' respectively.'

3.7In a inagnetofa'rotorglmagnet pole pieces, a coil, a c orefor said -coil haying extensions in proximity to said'rotor at the opposite ends' thereof, -inductor elements on said rotor arranged' to complete lsuccive paths from said pole pieces to said extensions respccti\'ely, and. fixed: generator coils encircling said rotor between said pole pieces and said extensions respectively.

ft. ln a magneto, -a rotor, magnet -pole pieces, a coil, a core for said coil having extension-3 encircling said"1otor, inductor elements on said rotor arranged tocomp'l'ete successive paths frm' s'aid 'pole pieces to said :extensions respectively', -and generator coils encircling said rotor between said pole pieces and said extensions respectively.

5. In a magneto, a rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coil, a core for said coil having extensions encircling said rotor at the opposite ends thereof, inductor elements on said rotor arranged to complete successive pat-hs from said pole pieces to said exten- 4sions respectively, and generator coils encircling said rotor between said pole pieces and said extensions respectively.

6. In a magneto, a rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coil, a core for said coil having extensions in proximity to said rotor at the opposite ends thereof, inductor elements-uf tending longitudinally of saidrotor on the opposite sides thereof arranged to complete successive paths from said: pole pieces to 'said extensions respectively, and generator l coils encirclmo' said rotor between said pole pieces and said extensions respectively.

In a magneto, a rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coil, a core for said coll having extensions encircling said rotor, inductor elements extending -longitudinally of said rotor arranged to complete successive pathsfrom said pole pieces to said extensions re? spectively, and fixed generator coils encircling said rotor between said pole pieces and said extensions respectively.

S. In a magneto, a rotor, a fixed generator coil encircling said rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coil, a core for said'coil, an :inductmelement carried by said rotor arranged to complete paths from said pole pieces to Said core, a circuit joined to the nongrounded sides of said coils in parallel, and an intcrrupter in said circuit` f), In a magneto, a rotor, a fixed generator coil encircling said rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coilI a core for said coil, inductor elements on said rotor extending longitudinally thereof arranged to complete paths from said pole pieces to the ends of said core respectively, a circuit- ]'Qiued to the nongrounded sides Aof said coils in parallel, and an int-errnpter in said circuit.

10. In a=magneto, a rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coil, a core for said coil having extensions adjacent to said rotor, inductor said pole piecesand said extensions respectively, a circuit joined to the non-grounded sides of said coils in parallel, an interrupter in said circuit, and a condenser in parallel with said interrupter.

11. In a magneto, a rotor, magnet pole pieces, a coil, a core for said coll having extensions in .proximity to said rotor at the opposite ends thereof, inductor elements extending longitudinally of said rotor on the opposite sides thereof arranged to complete successive paths from said pole pieces to said extensions respectively, fixed generator coils encircling,r said rotor bet-Ween said pole pieces und said extensions respectively, a

circuit joined to the non-grounded sides of said coils in parallel, and an interrupter in .sind circuit.

l2. In a magneto, a rotor, a magnet hav-f sions andbeing electrically'connected to said ,first named coil.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 6 day of March, 1922A.

WILLIAM W. HAWKINS. 

